// Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR LGPL-3.0-only OR GPL-2.0-only OR GPL-3.0-only
// Qt-Security score:critical reason:low-level-memory-management
#ifndef QV4MMDEFS_P_H
#define QV4MMDEFS_P_H

//
//  W A R N I N G
//  -------------
//
// This file is not part of the Qt API.  It exists purely as an
// implementation detail.  This header file may change from version to
// version without notice, or even be removed.
//
// We mean it.
//

#include <private/qv4global_p.h>
#include <private/qv4runtimeapi_p.h>
#include <QtCore/qalgorithms.h>
#include <QtCore/qmath.h>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

class QDeadlineTimer;

namespace QV4 {

struct MarkStack;

typedef void(*ClassDestroyStatsCallback)(const char *);

/*
 * Chunks are the basic structure containing GC managed objects.
 *
 * Chunks are 64k aligned in memory, so that retrieving the Chunk pointer from a Heap object
 * is a simple masking operation. Each Chunk has 4 bitmaps for managing purposes,
 * and 32byte wide slots for the objects following afterwards.
 *
 * The gray and black bitmaps are used for mark/sweep.
 * The object bitmap has a bit set if this location represents the start of a Heap object.
 * The extends bitmap denotes the extend of an object. It has a cleared bit at the start of the object
 * and a set bit for all following slots used by the object.
 *
 * Free memory has both used and extends bits set to 0.
 *
 * This gives the following operations when allocating an object of size s:
 * Find s/Alignment consecutive free slots in the chunk. Set the object bit for the first
 * slot to 1. Set the extends bits for all following slots to 1.
 *
 * All used slots can be found by object|extents.
 *
 * When sweeping, simply copy the black bits over to the object bits.
 *
 */
struct HeapItem;
struct Chunk {
    enum {
        ChunkSize = 64*1024,
        ChunkShift = 16,
        SlotSize = 32,
        SlotSizeShift = 5,
        NumSlots = ChunkSize/SlotSize,
        BitmapSize = NumSlots/8,
        HeaderSize = 3*BitmapSize,
        DataSize = ChunkSize - HeaderSize,
        AvailableSlots = DataSize/SlotSize,
#if QT_POINTER_SIZE == 8
        Bits = 64,
        BitShift = 6,
#else
        Bits = 32,
        BitShift = 5,
#endif
        EntriesInBitmap = BitmapSize/sizeof(quintptr)
    };
    quintptr blackBitmap[BitmapSize/sizeof(quintptr)];
    quintptr objectBitmap[BitmapSize/sizeof(quintptr)];
    quintptr extendsBitmap[BitmapSize/sizeof(quintptr)];
    char data[ChunkSize - HeaderSize];

    HeapItem *realBase();
    HeapItem *first();

    static Q_ALWAYS_INLINE size_t bitmapIndex(size_t index) {
        return index >> BitShift;
    }
    static Q_ALWAYS_INLINE quintptr bitForIndex(size_t index) {
        return static_cast<quintptr>(1) << (index & (Bits - 1));
    }

    static void setBit(quintptr *bitmap, size_t index) {
//        Q_ASSERT(index >= HeaderSize/SlotSize && index < ChunkSize/SlotSize);
        bitmap += bitmapIndex(index);
        quintptr bit = bitForIndex(index);
        *bitmap |= bit;
    }
    static void clearBit(quintptr *bitmap, size_t index) {
//        Q_ASSERT(index >= HeaderSize/SlotSize && index < ChunkSize/SlotSize);
        bitmap += bitmapIndex(index);
        quintptr bit = bitForIndex(index);
        *bitmap &= ~bit;
    }
    static bool testBit(quintptr *bitmap, size_t index) {
//        Q_ASSERT(index >= HeaderSize/SlotSize && index < ChunkSize/SlotSize);
        bitmap += bitmapIndex(index);
        quintptr bit = bitForIndex(index);
        return (*bitmap & bit);
    }
    static void setBits(quintptr *bitmap, size_t index, size_t nBits) {
//        Q_ASSERT(index >= HeaderSize/SlotSize && index + nBits <= ChunkSize/SlotSize);
        if (!nBits)
            return;
        bitmap += index >> BitShift;
        index &= (Bits - 1);
        while (1) {
            size_t bitsToSet = qMin(nBits, Bits - index);
            quintptr mask = static_cast<quintptr>(-1) >> (Bits - bitsToSet) << index;
            *bitmap |= mask;
            nBits -= bitsToSet;
            if (!nBits)
                return;
            index = 0;
            ++bitmap;
        }
    }
    static bool hasNonZeroBit(quintptr *bitmap) {
        for (uint i = 0; i < EntriesInBitmap; ++i)
            if (bitmap[i])
                return true;
        return false;
    }
    static uint lowestNonZeroBit(quintptr *bitmap) {
        for (uint i = 0; i < EntriesInBitmap; ++i) {
            if (bitmap[i]) {
                quintptr b = bitmap[i];
                return i*Bits + qCountTrailingZeroBits(b);
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    uint nFreeSlots() const {
        return AvailableSlots - nUsedSlots();
    }
    uint nUsedSlots() const {
        uint usedSlots = 0;
        for (uint i = 0; i < EntriesInBitmap; ++i) {
            quintptr used = objectBitmap[i] | extendsBitmap[i];
            usedSlots += qPopulationCount(used);
        }
        return usedSlots;
    }

    bool sweep(ClassDestroyStatsCallback classCountPtr);
    void resetBlackBits();
    bool sweep(ExecutionEngine *engine);
    void freeAll(ExecutionEngine *engine);

    void sortIntoBins(HeapItem **bins, uint nBins);
};

struct HeapItem {
    union {
        struct {
            HeapItem *next;
            size_t availableSlots;
        } freeData;
        quint64 payload[Chunk::SlotSize/sizeof(quint64)];
    };
    operator Heap::Base *() { return reinterpret_cast<Heap::Base *>(this); }

    template<typename T>
    T *as() { return static_cast<T *>(reinterpret_cast<Heap::Base *>(this)); }

    Chunk *chunk() const {
        return reinterpret_cast<Chunk *>(reinterpret_cast<quintptr>(this) >> Chunk::ChunkShift << Chunk::ChunkShift);
    }

    bool isBlack() const {
        Chunk *c = chunk();
        std::ptrdiff_t index = this - c->realBase();
        return Chunk::testBit(c->blackBitmap, index);
    }
    bool isInUse() const {
        Chunk *c = chunk();
        std::ptrdiff_t index = this - c->realBase();
        return Chunk::testBit(c->objectBitmap, index);
    }

    void setAllocatedSlots(size_t nSlots) {
//        Q_ASSERT(size && !(size % sizeof(HeapItem)));
        Chunk *c = chunk();
        size_t index = this - c->realBase();
//        Q_ASSERT(!Chunk::testBit(c->objectBitmap, index));
        Chunk::setBit(c->objectBitmap, index);
        Chunk::setBits(c->extendsBitmap, index + 1, nSlots - 1);
//        for (uint i = index + 1; i < nBits - 1; ++i)
//            Q_ASSERT(Chunk::testBit(c->extendsBitmap, i));
//        Q_ASSERT(!Chunk::testBit(c->extendsBitmap, index));
    }

    // Doesn't report correctly for huge items
    size_t size() const {
        Chunk *c = chunk();
        std::ptrdiff_t index = this - c->realBase();
        Q_ASSERT(Chunk::testBit(c->objectBitmap, index));
        // ### optimize me
        std::ptrdiff_t end = index + 1;
        while (end < Chunk::NumSlots && Chunk::testBit(c->extendsBitmap, end))
            ++end;
        return (end - index)*sizeof(HeapItem);
    }
};

inline HeapItem *Chunk::realBase()
{
    return reinterpret_cast<HeapItem *>(this);
}

inline HeapItem *Chunk::first()
{
    return reinterpret_cast<HeapItem *>(data);
}

Q_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(Chunk) == Chunk::ChunkSize);
Q_STATIC_ASSERT((1 << Chunk::ChunkShift) == Chunk::ChunkSize);
Q_STATIC_ASSERT(1 << Chunk::SlotSizeShift == Chunk::SlotSize);
Q_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(HeapItem) == Chunk::SlotSize);
Q_STATIC_ASSERT(QT_POINTER_SIZE*8 == Chunk::Bits);
Q_STATIC_ASSERT((1 << Chunk::BitShift) == Chunk::Bits);

struct Q_QML_EXPORT MarkStack {
    MarkStack(ExecutionEngine *engine);
    ~MarkStack() { /* we drain manually */ }

    void push(Heap::Base *m) {
        *(m_top++) = m;

        if (m_top < m_softLimit)
            return;

        // If at or above soft limit, partition the remaining space into at most 64 segments and
        // allow one C++ recursion of drain() per segment, plus one for the fence post.
        const quintptr segmentSize = qNextPowerOfTwo(quintptr(m_hardLimit - m_softLimit) / 64u);
        if (m_drainRecursion * segmentSize <= quintptr(m_top - m_softLimit)) {
            ++m_drainRecursion;
            drain();
            --m_drainRecursion;
        } else if (m_top == m_hardLimit) {
            qFatal("GC mark stack overrun. Either simplify your application or"
                   "increase QV4_GC_MAX_STACK_SIZE");
        }
    }

    bool isEmpty() const { return m_top == m_base; }

    qptrdiff remainingBeforeSoftLimit() const
    {
        return m_softLimit - m_top;
    }

    ExecutionEngine *engine() const { return m_engine; }

    void drain();
    enum class DrainState { Ongoing, Complete };
    DrainState drain(QDeadlineTimer deadline);
    void setSoftLimit(size_t size);
private:
    Heap::Base *pop() { return *(--m_top); }

    Heap::Base **m_top = nullptr;
    Heap::Base **m_base = nullptr;
    Heap::Base **m_softLimit = nullptr;
    Heap::Base **m_hardLimit = nullptr;

    ExecutionEngine *m_engine = nullptr;

    quintptr m_drainRecursion = 0;
};

// Some helper to automate the generation of our
// functions used for marking objects

#define HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION(c, gcType, type, name) \
    HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION_##gcType(c, type, name)

#define HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION_Pointer(c, type, name) Pointer<type, 0> name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION_NoMark(c, type, name) type name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION_HeapValue(c, type, name) HeapValue<0> name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION_ValueArray(c, type, name) type<0> name;

#define HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION(c, gcType, type, name) \
    HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION_##gcType(c, type, name)

#define HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION_Pointer(c, type, name) \
    Pointer<type, offsetof(c##OffsetStruct, name) + baseOffset> name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION_NoMark(c, type, name) \
    type name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION_HeapValue(c, type, name) \
    HeapValue<offsetof(c##OffsetStruct, name) + baseOffset> name;
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION_ValueArray(c, type, name) \
    type<offsetof(c##OffsetStruct, name) + baseOffset> name;

#define HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION(c, gcType, type, name) \
    HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION_##gcType(c, type, name)
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION_Pointer(c, type, name) \
    if (o->name) o->name.heapObject()->mark(stack);
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION_NoMark(c, type, name)
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION_HeapValue(c, type, name) \
    o->name.mark(stack);
#define HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION_ValueArray(c, type, name) \
    o->name.mark(stack);


#define DECLARE_HEAP_OBJECT_BASE(name, base) \
    struct name##OffsetStruct { \
        name##Members(name, HEAP_OBJECT_OFFSET_MEMBER_EXPANSION) \
    }; \
    struct name##SizeStruct : base, name##OffsetStruct {}; \
    struct name##Data { \
        typedef base SuperClass; \
        static constexpr size_t baseOffset = sizeof(name##SizeStruct) - sizeof(name##OffsetStruct); \
        name##Members(name, HEAP_OBJECT_MEMBER_EXPANSION) \
    }; \
    Q_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(name##SizeStruct) == sizeof(name##Data) + name##Data::baseOffset); \

#define DECLARE_HEAP_OBJECT(name, base) \
    DECLARE_HEAP_OBJECT_BASE(name, base) \
    struct name : base, name##Data
#define DECLARE_EXPORTED_HEAP_OBJECT(name, base) \
    DECLARE_HEAP_OBJECT_BASE(name, base) \
    struct Q_QML_EXPORT name : base, name##Data

#define DECLARE_MARKOBJECTS(class) \
    static void markObjects(Heap::Base *b, MarkStack *stack) { \
        class *o = static_cast<class *>(b); \
        class##Data::SuperClass::markObjects(o, stack); \
        class##Members(class, HEAP_OBJECT_MARKOBJECTS_EXPANSION) \
    }

}

QT_END_NAMESPACE

#endif
